Thereafter the empire was restored by a new king, Jayavarman VII, who established a new capital and state temple ( Angkor Thom and the Bayon, respectively), a few kilometers north, dedicated to Buddhism, because the king believed that the Hindu gods had failed him. In 1177, approximately 27 years after the death of Suryavarman II, Angkor was sacked by the Chams, the traditional enemies of the Khmer. The term Vrah Viṣṇuloka or Parama Viṣṇuloka literally means "The king who has gone to the supreme world of Vishnu", which refer to Suryavarman II posthumously and intend to venerate his glory and memory. Work seems to have ended shortly after the king's death, leaving some of the bas-relief decoration unfinished. As neither the foundation stela nor any contemporary inscriptions referring to the temple have been found, its original name is unknown, but it may have been known as "Varah Vishnu- lok" after the presiding deity. It was built as the king's state temple and capital city. Breaking from the Shaiva tradition of previous kings, Angkor Wat was instead dedicated to Vishnu. All of the original religious motifs at Angkor Wat derived from Hinduism. 1120) was responsible for urging Suryavarman II to construct the temple. The brahmin by the name of Divākarapaṇḍita (1040 – c.
The construction of Angkor Wat took place over a period of 28 years from 1122 – 1150 CE during the reign of King Suryavarman II (ruled 1113 – c. In an area of Cambodia where there is an essential group of ancient structures, it is the southernmost of Angkor's main sites. King Suryavarman II, the builder of Angkor WatĪngkor Wat lies 5.5 kilometres ( 3 + 1⁄ 2 mi) north of the modern town of Siem Reap, and a short distance south and slightly east of the previous capital, which was centred at Baphuon. It has become a symbol of Cambodia, appearing on its national flag, and is the country's main tourist attraction. It is one of the most important pilgrimage sites for Buddhists in Cambodia and around the world, having played a major role in converting Cambodia into a Buddhist nation. The temple is at the top of the high classical style of Khmer architecture. The temple is admired for the grandeur and harmony of the architecture, its extensive bas-reliefs, and for the numerous devatas adorning its walls.Īs the best-preserved temple at the site, Angkor Wat is the only one to have remained a significant religious centre since its foundation. Unlike most Angkorian temples, Angkor Wat is oriented to the west scholars are divided as to the significance of this.
At the centre of the temple stands a quincunx of towers. It is designed to represent Mount Meru, home of the devas in Hindu mythology: within a moat more than 5 kilometres (3 mi) long and an outer wall 3.6 kilometres (2.2 mi) long are three rectangular galleries, each raised above the next. Angkor Wat combines two basic plans of Khmer temple architecture: the temple-mountain and the later galleried temple. It was built by the Khmer King Suryavarman II in the early 12th century in Yaśodharapura ( Khmer: យសោធរបុរៈ, present-day Angkor), the capital of the Khmer Empire, as his state temple and eventual mausoleum.
Breaking from Shaiva tradition of previous kings, Angkor Wat was dedicated to Vishnu for the Khmer Empire. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks or boxes, misplaced vowels or missing conjuncts instead of Indic text.Īngkor Wat ( Khmer: អង្គរវត្ត, Ângkôr Vôtt meaning "Temple City") is a temple complex in Cambodia and is the largest religious monument in the world, on a site measuring 162.6 hectares (1,626,000 m 2 402 acres). Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Khmer script.
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